(3) 

求知是每个穆斯林的主命,学者们把知识定为伊斯兰民族必定的主命,在解释苏富杨·本·奥叶乃所传述的圣训中提到:求知与奋斗是穆斯林大众的主命,一部分人执行就可以了。然后,他诵读了这段经文“为什么他们中一些人不出去以便了解安拉的宗教,当返回时劝戒其他人,以便他们警惕。”
     伊本·穆巴拉克:"它的含义是,人们只可以通过所问所学的知识去从事一些事务,这就是人们必须学习的知识。"伊玛目艾哈默德·本·罕百里说:"人们必须认识拜功的事项及其他宗教事项--斋戒、天课以及伊斯兰的一些教法。"他又说:"人们需要饮食但更需要知识,因为人们每天需要饮食一次或两次,而知识人们时时刻刻需要它。"伊本·盖伊姆说:"酷爱知识的人,他对知识的喜爱和酷爱胜于所有人之间的感情,最美丽最英俊的人也不会动摇他对知识的酷爱。"伊本·阿布杜办勒说:"学者们一直认为,一些知识是个人主命,有些是大众主命,如果一部分从事了,其他人不被责成。

 

所有人必须从事不可忽视的主命如:念作证言,内心诚信安拉是独一无偶,作证穆罕默德是安拉的仆人及使者;五番拜功是主命,必须知道完善拜功的事项。比如:小净,必须知道与其有关的教法,伊历历九月的斋戒是主命,必须知道破坏斋戒及完善斋戒的事项;有钱有能力的人必须知道天课必出的事项以及天课的法定数额;与此同时他也知道有能力朝觐者一生必须朝觐一次。

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