高手强于低手

(施者优于受着)

 

使者说:“高手优于低手,首先给予你所瞻养的人,最贵的施舍是富裕时的施舍,谁寻求尊严安拉使之尊贵,谁寻求财富安拉使之富裕。”[1]

先知在这段圣训中表扬了施舍者而非受施者,他以高形容施予者,以低形容受施者,并且以富裕和解决需求给清廉者报喜-以主安拉的允许-,先知会将这段话抢先告之弟子中想要乞讨(索取)的人,以便他们能够获得清廉者的恩典。根据亥克木·本·汗扎木传述,他说:我来到使者跟前以便向他索要。使者说:“向人索要且受施者如同吃没营养的食物的人,高手强于低手,最优越的施舍是富裕时的施舍,首先给予你所瞻养的人。”亥克木说:安拉的使者啊!以使你尊贵的主起誓,往后我绝不拿他人之物。[2]

根据艾布·赛尔德·胡德勒-愿主喜悦之-的传述,他说:有次我很窘迫,有人对我说:假若你去找安拉的使者,你可向他索要。然后我去找他,我当时首先考虑的是:谁寻求尊严安拉使之尊贵,谁寻求财富安拉使之富裕,谁若向我索要我不会雪藏我所拥有的。随后我自己反思,我说:要知道若我求尊严安拉会使我尊贵。然后我就回去了,从此我再也未向使者索要过任何东西,直到世界倾斜,我们湮没其中,除安拉所保护的人。[3]

 



[1]  布哈里、穆斯林共同辑录,《布哈里》/天课章/仅富裕时施舍节 2/581-1361. 《穆斯林》/天课章/解明高手强于低手节 2/717-1033

[2]  托布拉尼辑录于《穆尔折穆·开必勒》(大辞典)3/201- 3124

[3]  托布雷辑录于他的经注中3/99

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